Principle of Wood Kiln Drying
1. In the drying kiln, the wet air driven by the fan absorbs the heat energy of the heat carrier (usually water vapor) when passing through the heater, and then transfers the heat energy to the wet wood to be dried when passing through the stack. After being heated, wet wood vaporizes surface moisture and is absorbed by the medium when the partial pressure of water vapor in the medium is lower than that on the surface of the wood. 2.A higher medium flow rate can weaken the influence of the boundary layer on the surface of wood, and accelerate the heat and moisture transfer process between the medium and the wood surface. 3.As water is continuously discharged from the surface, a moisture content gradient of high inside and low outside is gradually established inside the wood, as well as a water vapor partial pressure gradient. Under the action of these two gradients, water gradually moves from the inside out in a liquid or gas state, or alternatively in two states. 4.The higher the temperature of the drying medium, the lower the relative humidity (i.e., the lower the partial pressure of water vapor), the higher the flow rate (within a certain limit), and the faster the removal of moisture from the wood.5. During the entire drying process, controlling the temperature and humidity at each stage according to the predetermined benchmark, and adjusting the relationship between the movement of water from the central area to the surface and the evaporation rate from the surface to the medium in a reasonable way can obtain an appropriate drying speed and avoid excessive internal stress in the wood, thereby avoiding drying defects, achieving the goal of saving energy and time, and ensuring drying quality.
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