Thermal modification of wood (charring treatment)
Thermal modification of wood: heating the wood, resulting in a certain degree of degradation of the wood components, resulting in the desired improvement of the wood properties.
1) Temperature and time of heat treatment
Wood degradation intensifies with increasing temperature and time
2) Handling system pressure
3) Closed or open system
Heating wood in a closed system will increase the pressure of the system, and the acidic substances generated when the wood is degraded will accumulate in the container, which will aggravate the degradation of the wood and improve the effect of heat treatment. The final moisture content is significantly increased, which reduces the time required for heat treatment and subsequent conditioning, and saves energy. In a closed pressure system, the repolymerization of volatile organic compound vapors with wood is beneficial to increase the strength of wood.
4) Moisture heat treatment and hydrothermal treatment
The superheated water vapor is kept in the container, which not only acts as a heat transfer medium, but also acts as a shield. Such a steam treatment process is called moist heat treatment; heating wood in water is called hydrothermal treatment.
5) Timber species
Broad-leaved trees are easier to degrade than conifers, because the content of hemicellulose in broad-leaved trees is higher, and they contain a higher proportion of pentoses and acetate groups, and pentoses are easier to degrade than hexoses in conifers.
6) Application of catalyst
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